Name the boundary first.
Nominal battery energy, usable battery energy and energy delivered at an AC outlet answer different questions. A capacity in kWh also does not specify the maximum output in kW. Ask whether reserve, conversion and auxiliary consumption are already included before applying another allowance.
Sources: Australian Government: battery technology · SAM help: battery results
Work one explicit example.
Hypothetical arithmetic: 1,000 Wh nominal × 90% usable share × 80% remaining after reserve × 90% conversion = 648 Wh at the AC boundary. At a constant 100 W, that is 6.48 hours before any additional unmodeled consumption. These percentages are exercise assumptions, not defaults for a chemistry or model. If a test already measures delivered AC energy, do not subtract the same conversion loss again.
Sources: US EIA: measuring electricity
Match the load and conditions.
Temperature and separately accounted equipment losses can change available energy. A test at a different load or stopping rule is context, not a promised runtime for your appliance. Keep measured output and manufacturer capacity in separate fields; carry unknowns into the runtime tool.
Sources: SAM help: battery results
What this changes when you shop.
- Identify the boundary before multiplying by an efficiency.
- Review continuous and starting power separately from energy.
- A measured AC result applies to its reported test conditions.
Sources, scope and corrections.
Conceptual buying guidance. Numerical examples are explicitly hypothetical; no exact product or installation is approved by this article.
Primary concept sources
- Australian Government: battery technology
Nominal/usable capacity, power and backup configuration concepts only. Australian incentives, installation rules and product approvals are not applied to US projects.
Reviewed 2026-11-07. Publication date not established; review date is not a publication or experiment date.
Source access and provenance
Official-page indexed text reviewed; two direct requests timed out. No local body capture or hash is claimed.
Local body capture and hash unavailable.
- SAM help: battery results
Battery Storage Results: charge/discharge energy, temperature and separately modeled ancillary and converter losses.
Reviewed 2026-11-07. Publication date not established; review date is not a publication or experiment date.
Source access and provenance
Direct source captured.
Captured 2026-11-08T01:51:10.867215+00:00 · SHA-256
ef91e5d1d4d69173f3135b3767c78571fe44ebd43bd409dfbdfbe9bba39ff4cd - US EIA: measuring electricity
Power and energy units and their relationship over time.
Reviewed 2026-11-07. Publication date not established; review date is not a publication or experiment date.
Source access and provenance
Direct source captured.
Captured 2026-11-08T01:51:42.568179+00:00 · SHA-256
6b899b9e0f18deabfa94eaef1e631a879b97c4a10e0b57113861ed224c91d440
Illustration rights and meaning
Original site illustrations authorized for SolarCompare publication; no third-party artwork is reproduced. Source documents and publisher media retain their own rights. Conceptual diagrams and explicitly hypothetical arithmetic. No illustration is a measured curve or manufacturer drawing.
Article history
- · Initial publication. No subsequent correction is recorded in this revision.
New evidence is reviewed outside the build. A correction changes the article revision and records its date and reason; original source publication dates remain separate. Held observations stay held in the performance library until the source discrepancy is resolved.